What are the three components of the biopsychosocial model?

• A. Biological, Psychological, and Social
• B. Biological and Psychological only
• C. Social and Biological only
• D. Psychological and Social only

Answer: (A)

The biopsychosocial model uses three interacting domains to understand health: biological factors (how the body functions, disease processes, genetics), psychological factors (m beliefs, emotions, coping, behaviors), and social factors (relationships, environment, culture, access to care). All three together shape how a person experiences illness and responds to treatment.

In practice, this means recognizing that health isn’t just about biology. For example, someone with a physical injury may heal differently if they have fear or catastrophizing thoughts (psychological) or limited support at home or work (social). Addressing all three aspects leads to more effective, person-centered care.

Using person-first language helps reinforce this approach: talk about a person with a condition, not the condition defining the person.