In EBP, which element ensures care aligns with the patient's personal goals and values?

• A. Clinical expertise
• B. Best available research
• C. Patient values and preferences
• D. Financial considerations

Answer: (C)

In evidence-based practice, decisions are shaped by what matters to the patient—their goals, values, and preferences. This element ensures that treatment choices align with the person’s life context, desired outcomes, and tolerance for risk, which in turn supports engagement and adherence. When patient values are integrated with clinical expertise and the best available research, care becomes personalized and more likely to be acceptable and effective for the individual.

Clinical expertise guides how to apply evidence and manage complexities, but it doesn’t automatically reflect a specific patient’s goals. The best available research provides general effectiveness data, yet it may not fit every person’s situation or priorities. Financial considerations matter for access and feasibility, but they don’t determine what the patient values or wants to achieve.